尿素高压设备检漏结构设计

尿素高压设备的检漏结构是实时监测介质是否泄露的基本功能单元。高压设备壳体通常采用单层碳钢或多层包扎内衬耐腐蚀性材料的结构,本文依据设备承压壳体不同的结构形式,详细介绍尿素高压设备检漏系统中检漏槽、检漏孔的结构差异和设计制造的特点,作为尿素高压设备检漏结构的设计参考。     

分层反压注射成型厚壁光学透镜的工艺分析

为了研究反压压力对成型厚壁光学透镜的影响，利用自行开发的分层反压注射成型厚壁光学透镜的实验方案，通过正交实验优化设计开展了工艺参数优化实验，研究了在不同分层方式下内外层反压压力对对厚壁光学透镜光学性能的影响，从而根据正交优化参数组合成型具有优异光学性能的理想厚壁光学透镜。 正交实验研究结果表明，使用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）为厚壁光学透镜的原材料进行分层反压注射成型，能够有效减少厚壁光学透镜收缩率，同时随着内外层反压压力的提高，厚壁光学透镜的透光率和折射率均不同程度的得到提高，透镜光学性能优异。     

多晶硅生产中残液搅拌罐密封结构的改造

在处理多晶硅生产中产生的残液时,残液搅拌罐填料密封出现泄漏,针对此问题提出了优化措施,达到了预期效果。     

基于ANSYS Workbench柱塞泵主轴动、静态性能分析

主轴是液压泵的重要零件之一,起着传递扭矩的作用,对液压泵的性能有着重要的影响。运用ANSYS Workbench对某型开式回路斜盘式柱塞变量泵的主轴进行动、静态性能分析,主要对柱塞泵主轴进行静力分析和模态分析,得到相关参数,并对主轴进行了一定的优化。为该类主轴的设计和优化提供一定的参考。     

高硬度环保耐蚀柴油机气缸套的研制

在缸套表面进行镍磷复合镀强化处理,可以提高湿式内燃机缸套耐腐蚀性能,但会增加产品的成本。研究了在普通贝氏体气缸套材料基础上去掉贵重金属镍,调整其他成分比例,在确保材料性能不变的前提下,降低产品的成本。结果表明,配合表面强化处理,缸套硬度高、耐腐蚀强、生产成本低,并可以延长发动机寿命。     

意大利Corefon涂料在中国的应用

分析意大利corefon涂料的特性,研究在不同铸件应用中的典型案例。结果表明,corefon涂料可以提升汽车发动机缸体缸盖内腔清洁度、解决工程液压阀体内腔油道粘砂烧结问题、提高增压器零部件涡轮涡壳气道光洁度。铁型覆膜砂外型喷涂corefon涂料后,浇铸的铸件表面光滑,无粘砂、无烧结,不需要人工打磨和特别抛丸处理。充分体现了corefon涂料在性能上的优越性,可以解决铸造厂铸件内腔粘砂、烧结、表面粗糙的问题。     

A new high-pressure clearance seal with flexible laddered piston assembly in oil-free miniature compressor for potential hydrogen applications and investigation on its dynamic sealing efficiency

In this paper, a new flexible laddered piston assembly of clearance seal without any soft seal part was proposed for a long life time run of high-pressure stage in oil-free miniature compressor for potential hydrogen applications. In this assembly, the functions of radial load bearing and gas sealing were undertaken independently by large and small piston. The dynamic sealing performance evaluation was carried out by comprehensively considering the real-time variation of gas properties and piston motion with thermodynamic process in the compression chamber. Simulation study shows that the introduced clearance gap has a great influence on the expansion, compression and discharge process. Leakage through the clearance would lead to the in-cylinder pressure drop during the discharge process and bring about oscillation and earlier closure of the discharge valve. Sealing clearance exert more significant influence on the sealing efficiency in the high-pressure stage compared to sealing length and shaft speed.     

内燃机钢制活塞焊接的研究现状

文中分析了内燃机活塞选用钢作原材料、焊接作为连接方法的优点,并概括叙述了摩擦焊、激光-电弧复合焊、真空钎焊在钢制活塞焊接中的探索及应用。焊接式钢制活塞在结构钢度、热效率、经济环保等方面有所提高,且造成的噪声污染较小,从而具有更广阔的发展前景。文中通过分析在3种不同焊接方法下活塞的结构、接头强度、微观组织,总结得出摩擦焊最大问题在于飞边和尺寸,激光复合焊在机械化生产上存在生产成本的问题,而真空钎焊接头在强度及生产效率方面仍需进一步的改善。     

气缸关键零件交变应力与失效机制分析

气缸具有磨损破坏、断裂破坏等多种故障模式,这些故障模式最终都和气缸关键零件的应力水平有直接的关系。为定性分析气缸失效机制,利用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真得到气缸两腔气压作为边界条件输入,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA构建有限元模型仿真气缸工作的动态过程;搭建气缸运动试验台,利用LABVIEW采集相关数据验证理论模型及有限元模型的正确性;对仿真结果进行后处理,分析研究气缸伸出行程中各零件的应力并确定气缸不同零件的失效机制。结果表明,气缸各零件上一直承受着幅值变化剧烈的交变应力作用,最大应力产生的位置为耐磨环与缸筒接触处、导向套与活塞杆接触处及活塞杆与活塞螺纹连接处;活塞、活塞杆最主要的失效模式为冲击破坏失效,导向套、耐磨环等零件的主要失效模式为磨损变形失效。     

Enzymatic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of polylactones: roles of non‐aqueous solvents

Aliphatic polyesters such as polylactides (PLAs) and other polylactones are thermoplastic, biodegradable and biocompatible polymers with the potential to replace petro‐chemical‐based synthetic polymers. A benign route for synthesizing these polyesters is through the enzyme‐catalyzed ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) reaction; this type of enzymatic process is very sensitive to reaction conditions such as solvents, water content and temperature. This review systematically evaluates the crucial roles of different solvents (such as solvent‐free/in bulk, organic solvents, supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, and aqueous biphasic systems) on the degree of polymerization and polydispersity. In general, many studies suggest that hydrophobic organic solvents with minimum water contents lead to efficient enzymatic polymerization and subsequently high molecular weights of polyesters; the selection of solvents is also limited by the reaction temperature, e.g. the ROP of lactide is often conducted at above 100 °C, therefore, the solvent typically needs to have its boiling point above this temperature. The use of supercritical fluids could be limited by its scaling‐up potential, while ionic liquids have exhibited many advantages including their low‐volatility, high thermal stability, controllable enzyme‐compatibility, and a wide range of choices. However, the fundamental and mechanistic understanding of the specific roles of ionic liquids in enzymatic ROP reactions is still lacking. Furthermore, the lipase specificity towards l ‐ and d ‐lactide is also surveyed, followed by the discussion of engineered lipases with improved enantioselectivity and thermal stability. In addition, the preparation of polyester‐derived materials such as polyester‐grafted cellulose by the enzymatic ROP method is briefly reviewed. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry